Kinnaur's Chronicles: India's First Voter Meets India's First Woman Cabinet Minister

"Youth should come forward to participate in the democratic process as it is not only our right but also our duty to participate in the elections by exercising our franchise"

In the autumnal embrace of 1951, a 34-year-old teacher named Shyam Saran Negi embarked upon a momentous journey at the behest of democracy. October 25th witnessed the humble village of Kalpa (Chini) in the Kinnaur district, under the Mandi- Mahasu Lok Sabha Constituency of Himachal Pradesh playing host to his historic vote, cast resolutely at the Shongthong Polling Station. It was no ordinary ballot; it marked the inception of India's maiden general election. While the rest of the nation had to await the polling booths to open their doors in February 1952, Kinnaur emerged as a trailblazer, due to the forecast of the impending snowfall of February and March. 

Shyam Saran Negi: Independent India's First Voter

Nestled under the aegis of the Mandi-Mahasu (now Mandi) Lok Sabha constituency in 1951, Kinnaur found itself in the electoral limelight. The chosen constituency bore witness to the election of Rajkumari Amrit Kaur, a formidable leader who etched her name in history as the inaugural Union Health Minister in Jawaharlal Nehru's interim cabinet, a position she held steadfastly until 1956. In the hallowed halls of Parliament, she orchestrated the introduction of a pivotal bill, one that laid the groundwork for the establishment of the prestigious AIIMS in the heart of Delhi. She was not only India's First Female Cabinet Minister but also First Asian Woman to head of the governing body of the World Health Organisation. 

Rajkumari Amrit Kaur (2nd From R to L sitting) in Independent India's First Cabinet (30/01/1950) 

In the vibrant tapestry of Indian elections, the tale of Shyam Saran Negi stands out as an inspiring thread. In the electoral saga of Shyam Saran Negi, a steadfast voter who, without faltering, exercised his democratic duty from Panchayat to Parliament, gracing the polling station consistently. 

Shyam Saran Negi on his way to polling station in 2019 General Election

Negi's unwavering commitment continued even during Himachal Pradesh's Assembly Election on November 12, 2022. Despite battling ill health, at the age of 105, he ensured his voice was heard through a postal ballot on November 2, 2022, just three days before bidding farewell to this mortal realm. Negi's poignant act epitomizes the essence of democracy, reminding us that every vote counts, regardless of the circumstances. Exulting his legacy which endures as a symbol of resilience and civic duty, Election Commission, in 2014 General Election made him Brand Ambassador in a bid to encourage voting among citizens.

Silpi Divas 2024 Honors Assamese Luminaries

In the hallowed ambiance of the Tezpur Collegiate Field, bathed in the cultural resonance of Assam, the Silpi Divas unfolded its grand tapestry to honor the luminaries who have etched indelible marks on the canvas of Assamese culture. As the sun cast its golden hues over the ceremony commemorating the 74th death anniversary of the revered Rupkonwor Jyoti Prashad Agarwala, the coveted Silpi Bota found a deserving home in the hands of the distinguished artiste, Shri Manisha Hazarika. Orchestrated by the Cultural Affairs Department of Assam, the celebration not only paid homage to a cultural doyen but also recognized the multifaceted contributions of several eminent personalities. 

Laurels Adorn Luminaries:

                         Silpi Bota (2024)               - Eminent artiste Shri Manisha Hazarika

    

 National Level Awards:

• Sukapha Award (2023) - Eminent journalist Dhirendra Nath Bezbaruah 

• Krishna Kanta Handique Award (2023)   - Dr. Pradipjyoti Mahanta

• Lokopriya Gopinath Bordoloi Award for National Integration (2023) - Noted Journalist Dhirendra Nath Chakrabarty

 State Level Awards:

• Dr. Birendra Kumar Bahattacharya Award (2023) - Journalist Shri Prashanta Barua

• Natasurya Phani Sarmah Award (2023) - Actress Shri Chetana Das

• Silpi Sainik Brajanath Sarmah Award (2023) - Folk artist Shri Jagadish Barman

• Sati Radhika Award (2023) - Social activist Dr Malati Baruah

In an unequivocal celebration of artistic prowess, 60 distinguished artisans were graciously endowed with the coveted artistes' pension. Meanwhile, the ethereal tapestry of regional talent saw the bestowment of annual artiste awards upon a laudable cohort of 151 artists. In a commendable act of inclusivity, 10 Divayanga maestros and 10 revered artistes' kin were bestowed with a one-time financial benevolence, embodying the symbiosis between cultural patronage and compassionate support. This harmonious convergence of recognition and assistance exemplifies a collective commitment to nurturing and honoring the diverse tapestry of artistic brilliance within the community.

Meteka metamorphosis: Dolbari's aquatic affluence tale

Assam, an enchanting realm steeped in the tapestry of cultural diversity, stands adorned with an array of exquisite handicrafts and handlooms, a tradition gracefully woven into the very fabric of every household. A symphony of artistic fervor resonates through the intricate crafts that define this verdant land.

In the vibrant panorama of Assamese craftsmanship, the quintessence lies in the masterful manipulation of cane and bamboo, the rhythmic dance of mat weaving, the delicate finesse of basketry, the artistry etched into woodwork, the resplendent allure of brass craft, and the loom's lyrical tale told through handwoven textiles. Tribal jewelry, an opulent manifestation of indigenous aesthetics, graces the artistic spectrum alongside terracotta, stone crafts, the poetic arrangement of dry flowers, and the ever-evolving saga of jute diversification.

Yet, amid the kaleidoscope of these artisanal treasures, a poignant narrative emerges—one of untapped potential and latent brilliance. Despite the robust foundations laid in sectors that burgeon with employment opportunities, a palpable void persists. A dearth of concerted efforts, rooted in a comprehensive and integrated approach, prevails when it comes to showcasing Assam's handicrafts, handloom, and the myriad facets of its cottage industry sector to discerning buyers.

The water hyacinth (Scientific name: Eichhornia crassipes, Assamese name: Pani Meteka), a verdant symphony of nature's fecundity, stands as a testament to botanical abundance, an unrivaled maestro in the orchestration of productivity. Within its aqueous domain, this remarkable plant yields an astounding bounty, surpassing the verdant tapestry of 200 tons of dry matter per hectare annually under standard conditions. Yet, when immersed in the nutrient-rich embrace of sewage-laden waters, it orchestrates a botanical opus, bestowing upon us a staggering 657 tons of dry matter per hectare.

In the enchanting landscapes of Assam, this aquatic invasive species graces every waterway, from the grandiose expanses of vast lakes to the intimate embrace of village ponds. For an extended epoch, this aquatic plant was relegated to the periphery of our ecological consciousness, dismissed as a mere waste, an inconvenient intruder, or a trivial weed, its potential obscured and unexplored languishing either in the throes of clearance or in the limbo of neglect.

Yet, within the verdant tendrils of the water hyacinth lies an untapped reservoir of ecological promise. Beyond the superficial designation of nuisance, there exists a symphony of possibilities waiting to be unraveled. Such perspectives of ours is recalibrated by AIIDC (Assam Industrial Infrastructure Development Corporation) by setting up a Water Hyacinth (PaniMeteka) Common Facility Service Center (CFSC) at Dolbari, Morigaon District of Assam, to discover in this seemingly prolific aquatic companion not mere as weed but as potential partner in sustainable ecological harmony with inclusive growth perspective. 

The CFSC of Dolbari, Morigaon is first of its kind in the entire country with respect to crafting wealth of array of products from an aggressive invasive species like water hyacinth. In this paradigm of CFSC, an extensive array of amenities stands poised for dissemination, catering not only to the discerning producer but also to the astute buyer. The resolute objective herein is to galvanize the catalytic forces propelling employment augmentation within the realms of non-formal economic activities. The orchestration of this multifaceted interface is being adroitly helmed by the Industries & Commerce Department, Government of Assam.

Fig: Processing of Water Hyacinth to make handicraft (source: ASRLM website)

Why this imperious Call for the Proliferation of Water Hyacinth Artistry? 

Against this question we find ourselves at the confluence of environmental preservation and socio-economic fortitude. The removal of this intruder not only conserve water by prohibiting 2.5 to 3 times more evaporation but also has the potential for transformative change in rural hinterlands beckons. The cultivation of Water Hyacinth Craft lays the groundwork for sustainable livelihoods, a cornerstone for inclusive growth that resonates in the tapestry of rural existence as nature, in her bounty, offers the artisan an abundant palette of hyacinths.

            

This artisanal pursuit, structured in a manner that transcends skill levels, bespeaks a meritocratic ethos. From the hands of the unskilled emerges a delicate piece of dry stem, earning its creator a humble yet dignified remuneration of 15 paisa. The semi-skilled artisan, engaged in the artistry of braid and rope, commands a more substantial compensation ranging from Rs. 2 to 3.5 per meter. For the skilled practitioner, the zenith of craftsmanship unveils itself in finished products of exquisite allure. From the modest coin purse fetching Rs. 40 to the opulent furniture set commanding a princely sum of Rs. 30,000, the spectrum of economic empowerment unfurls with the virtuosity of artisanal skill.

In the hands of consumers, the Water Hyacinth Craft emerges not merely as a commodity but as a conscientious choice. An eco-friendly alternative, it beckons those who seek not just utility but also a resonance with the ethos of environmental responsibility.

Crucially, this endeavor transcends the economic realm, unfurling as a tapestry of empowerment for women in the rural hinterlands. As the looms resonate with the industry of skilled hands, it is the women who find themselves endowed with newfound agency, forging paths to autonomy and self-reliance.

The Assam government, in collaboration with the Assam State Rural Livelihood Mission (ASRLM) and NEDFi, envisions a transformative initiative: harnessing the potential of water hyacinth craft to empower rural women economically. A meticulous strategy, blending formal training and structured programs, is indispensable to propel Water Hyacinth Craft into a sustainable livelihood avenue. Technical training and targeted Capacity Building Programmes tailored to the needs of artisans are imperative for skill enhancement and heightened productivity. 

However, the lifeline of this endeavor lies in establishing a robust market linkage and a resilient supply chain. For this industry to flourish, meticulous efforts towards export-oriented capacity building are pivotal, ensuring not only immediate returns but also a sustainable, long-term livelihood option. In the delicate tapestry of economic empowerment, the weft of water hyacinth craft intertwines with the warp of opportunity, weaving a narrative of progress for the women beneficiaries in rural Assam.

In the grand orchestration of sustainable practices, economic prosperity, and empowerment, the Water Hyacinth Craft stands as a testament to the confluence of environmental sagacity and human resilience. In its humble fibers, we discern not just a craft but a narrative of harmonious coexistence, a tale woven with threads of ecological conscientiousness and rural empowerment.

Navigating the troubled waters: The River Police of Assam

River police.. Yes ! Guardians of the waterways whose paramount duty is to secure the riverine routes of Assam. Since 1971, Assam has witnessed a regular influx of illegal immigration and majority of this is due to the porous riverine borders between Assam and Bangladesh. 

On 24th July 1979, River Police organisation was set up by the then Hon'ble Governor of Assam Lallan Prasad Singh with constituting a separate 'River Police District' comprising areas of Goalpara, Kamrup and Darrang districts. The primary objective orchestrated in this strategic initiative was to proactively counteract unlawful infiltrations while concurrently maintaining a vigilant watch over the formidable expanse of the Brahmaputra. 

The administrative structure of the river police was decided under the rank of a Deputy Inspector General of Police (Border) Assam as Drawing and Disbursing Officer. A post of Superintendent of River Police (SP), Assam was created for overall administration of the river district. As per the information received from a notification of Assam Police as on 04.01.2021; Shri Kamal Kumar Gupta, APS, was the Superintendent of River Police Organisation. The River Police District is consisted of 4 River police stations and 6 River Police Out Posts manned by 9 Sub Inspectors, 104 Constables and 10 Boatmen; as per the sanctioned strength. 

Goalpara (Panchatantra), Sualkuchi, Tezpur and Biswanath Ghat are the 4 River Police Stations of Assam along with 7 other River Police Out Posts in Buraburi (Mahamaya), Chanderdinga, Majeralga, Aye River, Beki River, Nagarbera, Pandu respectively in the districts of Dhubri, Bongaigaon (2 OPs), Barpeta, Kamrup and Kamrup (Metro). 

Their foremost duty? To thwart and unearth the clandestine dance of crime, unfolding like a hidden script on the aquatic stage. They are not only the custodians of law and order in the riverine routes and char areas of Brahmaputra but also with a vigilant eye, pierce through the shadows they forestall the incursion of extremism and the furtive whispers of smuggling of goods (primarily cattle) echoing along the riverine route. As the Brahmaputra's undulating expanse serves as a natural frontier, the River Police stand steadfast against the tide of illegal infiltration, a resolute bulwark against the currents of unauthorized entry. Their gaze extends beyond the rippling waters to the unauthorized boats that dare to traverse these liquid highways.

In this choreography of security, the riverine area stretches 110 kilometers along the India-Bangladesh border, a theater where the River Police execute their nuanced maneuvers. Yet, it's not just the fluid expanse that demands their attention; the terra firma of 137.72 kilometers along the India-Bangladesh border is also under their watchful gaze.

In the tale of Brahmaputra's guardians, the River Police emerge as the protagonists, navigating the currents of crime, maintaining order, and securing the borders with a grace that mirrors the river's own timeless flow. 

But, the organisation now is in a dilapidating state due to the negligence meted out by the successive governments. 

The personnel landscape within the river police organization serves as a vivid portrayal of the true nature of this pivotal branch within the State police force. As per sources, a mere 35 constables, a lone sub-inspector, and a solitary boatman constitute the manpower tasked with overseeing the operations of four river police stations and seven of its outposts. Strikingly, the organization currently lacks any female personnel within its ranks. A scanty fleet of seven steel sal boats stands as the meager arsenal at their disposal, with no speed boats to navigate the vast expanse of the riverine border under their jurisdiction. When the necessity for a speed boat arises, resorting to the engagement of private vessels becomes imperative. Even the recently inaugurated Pandu River Police Out Post finds itself contending with substandard facilities, underscoring the challenges faced by this vital arm of law enforcement.

In the labyrinth of trials that confront us, the fragility of safety and security along our waterways casts a disconcerting shadow. The lamentable condition of the River Police Organisation, marred by inadequacies, decay, and apprehensions about security, underscores the pressing demand for both attention and resources. It is imperative to address these issues promptly, channeling the necessary support to fortify the organization. Only through such measures we can guarantee the robust safeguarding of our citizens and the vital waterway infrastructures. A concerted effort is quintessential for the the critical tasks of preventing and detecting crime in the riverine route and char areas of the Brahmaputra, ensuring a shield against the myriad challenges that flow along its currents.

Theng Fakhri: Assam's First Woman Tehsildar

In the quaint corners of Assam's Goalpara district, the Bongaigaon district (probably Dhubri district too), and the three enchanting Barak Valley districts, the Tehsildari system has persisted through the corridors of time. This august office finds itself inextricably linked with the hallowed precincts of the Revenue Circle Officer's domain. Herein, the mantle of Tehsildar is graciously borne by the esteemed Revenue Circle Officer, assisted by a retinue of two or three diligent subordinates.

In the annals of Assam's bureaucratic history, a remarkable figure emerges, shattering the glass ceiling of convention. Theng Fakhri, an intrepid Bodo lady of unparalleled courage, etches her name as the pioneer among women Tehsildars. The first woman Tehsildar of Assam. History unfolds its pages to reveal that it was the discerning gaze of the British that appointed her to this distinguished role, hailing from Bijni area.

                                       

The indomitable spirit of Theng Fakhri finds its voice in the literary tapestry woven by the venerable Dr. Indira Goswami, a luminary adorned with the Gyanpith Award. Her work, 'Theng Fakri Tehsildaror Tamor Torowal,' (The Bronze Sword of Thengphakri Thesildar) stands as a testament to the extraordinary journey of Theng Fakhri, the trailblazing inaugural Indian Woman Tehsildar. 

The book celebrates the legacy of a brave Bodo lady; when young widows are burnt alive with their husband by force she was collecting taxes galloping on her horse shooting man eating tiger. In the epoch when the purdah system sought to retrogress the advancement of all young ladies, pushing them to the shadows of backwardness, she was silencing all the voices of a misogynist society with her actions and bravery by participating in India's freedom struggle putting on a hat on her knee length black hair.

The bronzed sword of Theng Fakhri not merely muted the cacophony of societal ills, but also aspired to forge a realm where the bedrock principles of society resonate with the values of acceptance and equality.