Present scenario of yoga in the education system

Long before theology donned its doctrinal robes, Yoga emerged as a sublime symphony of mind, body, and spirit—its genesis traced to Adiyogi Shiva, who transmitted cosmic consciousness to the Saptarishis on the shores of Krantisarovar of the Himalayas. Rooted in the Vedic traditions and nurtured through centuries of Indic philosophical inquiry, yoga was never merely an esoteric practice of ascetics and sages, but an essential pedagogy in the gurukuls of yore—meant to develop not just physical skill but also mental balance, moral strength, and spiritual clarity. In our current epoch, amid a cacophony of cognitive overload and corporeal inertia, the relevance of yoga in education is not just timely—it is profoundly necessary.

Yoga, aspires toward self-realization and liberation (Moksha or Kaivalya), serving as an inner alchemy of mind, body, and spirit that harmonizes health, freedom, and the sovereign mastery of one’s destiny through inner scientific methods. Yoga pedagogy, both in Bharat and beyond, is undergoing a paradigmatic renaissance, now seamlessly interwoven into the fabric of formal education with unprecedented reach and significance. Texts like the Vedas, Upanishads, and the Gita underscore its significance, while educationists see yoga as a vital tool to enhance lifelong learning and manage stress, promoting overall well-being and harmony with nature. Yoga, not only fortifies mental resilience but also cultivates focused discipline—a boon amid today’s academic maelstrom of stress, competition, and digital distractions. Modern research lauds yoga’s therapeutic prowess against ailments like diabetes and hypertension, making its education indispensable for students striving to balance cognitive demands and emotional wellbeing.

The National Education Policy (NEP) 2020 marks a significant step by promoting yoga across all education levels as part of India’s Traditional Knowledge Systems (IKS), emphasizing holistic development alongside modern sciences. It encourages higher education institutions to include credit courses on yoga, blending ancient practices with contemporary health education. The CBSE has introduced a formal yoga syllabus for senior secondary students, combining yogic philosophy and practical training. At the regional level, initiatives like “Yog Culture” Gujarat’s State Yog Board, established in 2019, have trained thousands of instructors and integrated yoga into schools, supported by the Ministry of AYUSH’s and Morarji Desai National Institute of Yoga (MDNIY)’s standardized certification through the Yoga Certification Board.

No longer confined to Himalayan hermitages or saffron-clad ascetics, yoga has gracefully tiptoed into classrooms, curriculums, and cloud-based platforms. From the CBSE's commendable inclusion of stress management and lifestyle modules to Banaras Hindu University’s academically astute amalgamations of anatomy, Vedic philosophy, and physiology, the pedagogy has taken a quantum leap. Post-pandemic, digital platforms and hybrid models have made yoga learning more accessible. Initiatives like YogaRenew and Global Online Yoga Association (GOYA) are expanding global reach by offering flexible and accessible, certified courses online. Recent initiatives like “Yoga Unplugged” and digital campaigns by leading institutes aim to engage youth through modern, accessible platforms, expanding yoga’s reach and relevance. Since 2015, India’s orchestration of the International Day of Yoga has not only globalized this ancient discipline but also, with the 2025 theme “Yoga for One Earth, One Health,” entwined it with the Sustainable Development Goals—while at home, the National Yoga Olympiad invigorates young minds.

To remedy the pedagogical paucity in yoga instruction, illustrious institutions such as Rishikesh Yogkulam and Sattva Yoga Academy have emerged as modern-day gurukuls, proffering intensive 500-hour certification programs that elevate mere enthusiasts into erudite instructors. With global accreditations like Yoga Alliance now sanctifying even the 200-hour YTT modules, the transmission of yogic wisdom is no longer anecdotal but academically robust. Meanwhile, the Skill India mission, under the aegis of Pradhan Mantri Kaushal Vikas Yojana  (PMKVY), has commendably sculpted over 96,000 yoga trainers, metamorphosing spiritual practice into professional prowess. 

Despite supportive policies like NEP 2020, yoga education faces major hurdles such as lack of trained personnel, limited funding, and unclear implementation strategies— hindering rural participation. Critics contend that NEP 2020’s yoga mandates suffer from a paucity of detailed execution protocols, resulting in uneven assimilation, while the exorbitant commercialization of yoga courses—priced as high as ₹5 lakhs—threatens to marginalize economically disadvantaged learners.  Meanwhile, the ideological tug-of-war persists: is yoga a secular science of the self or a spiritual heirloom cloaked in Vedic overtones? This unresolved dichotomy, coupled with an undue focus on physical poses rather than mindfulness, threatens to strip yoga of its philosophical profundity, reducing it to little more than a state-sponsored workout routine.

Yoga facilitates the attainment of profound inner tranquility and bliss, embodying a holistic philosophy that harmonizes ethical living with the integrated well-being of body, mind, and spirit. To ensure equitable access, governments should subsidize yoga training for low-income schools and develop multilingual digital resources. Integrating yoga into special education curricula could aid neuro-diverse students, while corporate partnerships might fund community yoga hubs.

In today’s educational landscape, yoga emerges as a confluence of visionary policy, innovative teaching, and collective aspiration. While institutional frameworks like NEP 2020 and CBSE curricula have mainstreamed yoga, realizing its full potential requires addressing resource gaps and fostering interdisciplinary research. By championing inclusivity and grounding itself in empirical wisdom, yoga transcends its archaic roots to emerge as a global cornerstone of holistic pedagogy.

Kinnaur's Chronicles: India's First Voter Meets India's First Woman Cabinet Minister

"Youth should come forward to participate in the democratic process as it is not only our right but also our duty to participate in the elections by exercising our franchise"

In the autumnal embrace of 1951, a 34-year-old teacher named Shyam Saran Negi embarked upon a momentous journey at the behest of democracy. October 25th witnessed the humble village of Kalpa (Chini) in the Kinnaur district, under the Mandi- Mahasu Lok Sabha Constituency of Himachal Pradesh playing host to his historic vote, cast resolutely at the Shongthong Polling Station. It was no ordinary ballot; it marked the inception of India's maiden general election. While the rest of the nation had to await the polling booths to open their doors in February 1952, Kinnaur emerged as a trailblazer, due to the forecast of the impending snowfall of February and March. 

Shyam Saran Negi: Independent India's First Voter

Nestled under the aegis of the Mandi-Mahasu (now Mandi) Lok Sabha constituency in 1951, Kinnaur found itself in the electoral limelight. The chosen constituency bore witness to the election of Rajkumari Amrit Kaur, a formidable leader who etched her name in history as the inaugural Union Health Minister in Jawaharlal Nehru's interim cabinet, a position she held steadfastly until 1956. In the hallowed halls of Parliament, she orchestrated the introduction of a pivotal bill, one that laid the groundwork for the establishment of the prestigious AIIMS in the heart of Delhi. She was not only India's First Female Cabinet Minister but also First Asian Woman to head of the governing body of the World Health Organisation. 

Rajkumari Amrit Kaur (2nd From R to L sitting) in Independent India's First Cabinet (30/01/1950) 

In the vibrant tapestry of Indian elections, the tale of Shyam Saran Negi stands out as an inspiring thread. In the electoral saga of Shyam Saran Negi, a steadfast voter who, without faltering, exercised his democratic duty from Panchayat to Parliament, gracing the polling station consistently. 

Shyam Saran Negi on his way to polling station in 2019 General Election

Negi's unwavering commitment continued even during Himachal Pradesh's Assembly Election on November 12, 2022. Despite battling ill health, at the age of 105, he ensured his voice was heard through a postal ballot on November 2, 2022, just three days before bidding farewell to this mortal realm. Negi's poignant act epitomizes the essence of democracy, reminding us that every vote counts, regardless of the circumstances. Exulting his legacy which endures as a symbol of resilience and civic duty, Election Commission, in 2014 General Election made him Brand Ambassador in a bid to encourage voting among citizens.

Silpi Divas 2024 Honors Assamese Luminaries

In the hallowed ambiance of the Tezpur Collegiate Field, bathed in the cultural resonance of Assam, the Silpi Divas unfolded its grand tapestry to honor the luminaries who have etched indelible marks on the canvas of Assamese culture. As the sun cast its golden hues over the ceremony commemorating the 74th death anniversary of the revered Rupkonwor Jyoti Prashad Agarwala, the coveted Silpi Bota found a deserving home in the hands of the distinguished artiste, Shri Manisha Hazarika. Orchestrated by the Cultural Affairs Department of Assam, the celebration not only paid homage to a cultural doyen but also recognized the multifaceted contributions of several eminent personalities. 

Laurels Adorn Luminaries:

                         Silpi Bota (2024)               - Eminent artiste Shri Manisha Hazarika

    

 National Level Awards:

• Sukapha Award (2023) - Eminent journalist Dhirendra Nath Bezbaruah 

• Krishna Kanta Handique Award (2023)   - Dr. Pradipjyoti Mahanta

• Lokopriya Gopinath Bordoloi Award for National Integration (2023) - Noted Journalist Dhirendra Nath Chakrabarty

 State Level Awards:

• Dr. Birendra Kumar Bahattacharya Award (2023) - Journalist Shri Prashanta Barua

• Natasurya Phani Sarmah Award (2023) - Actress Shri Chetana Das

• Silpi Sainik Brajanath Sarmah Award (2023) - Folk artist Shri Jagadish Barman

• Sati Radhika Award (2023) - Social activist Dr Malati Baruah

In an unequivocal celebration of artistic prowess, 60 distinguished artisans were graciously endowed with the coveted artistes' pension. Meanwhile, the ethereal tapestry of regional talent saw the bestowment of annual artiste awards upon a laudable cohort of 151 artists. In a commendable act of inclusivity, 10 Divayanga maestros and 10 revered artistes' kin were bestowed with a one-time financial benevolence, embodying the symbiosis between cultural patronage and compassionate support. This harmonious convergence of recognition and assistance exemplifies a collective commitment to nurturing and honoring the diverse tapestry of artistic brilliance within the community.

Meteka metamorphosis: Dolbari's aquatic affluence tale

Assam, an enchanting realm steeped in the tapestry of cultural diversity, stands adorned with an array of exquisite handicrafts and handlooms, a tradition gracefully woven into the very fabric of every household. A symphony of artistic fervor resonates through the intricate crafts that define this verdant land.

In the vibrant panorama of Assamese craftsmanship, the quintessence lies in the masterful manipulation of cane and bamboo, the rhythmic dance of mat weaving, the delicate finesse of basketry, the artistry etched into woodwork, the resplendent allure of brass craft, and the loom's lyrical tale told through handwoven textiles. Tribal jewelry, an opulent manifestation of indigenous aesthetics, graces the artistic spectrum alongside terracotta, stone crafts, the poetic arrangement of dry flowers, and the ever-evolving saga of jute diversification.

Yet, amid the kaleidoscope of these artisanal treasures, a poignant narrative emerges—one of untapped potential and latent brilliance. Despite the robust foundations laid in sectors that burgeon with employment opportunities, a palpable void persists. A dearth of concerted efforts, rooted in a comprehensive and integrated approach, prevails when it comes to showcasing Assam's handicrafts, handloom, and the myriad facets of its cottage industry sector to discerning buyers.

The water hyacinth (Scientific name: Eichhornia crassipes, Assamese name: Pani Meteka), a verdant symphony of nature's fecundity, stands as a testament to botanical abundance, an unrivaled maestro in the orchestration of productivity. Within its aqueous domain, this remarkable plant yields an astounding bounty, surpassing the verdant tapestry of 200 tons of dry matter per hectare annually under standard conditions. Yet, when immersed in the nutrient-rich embrace of sewage-laden waters, it orchestrates a botanical opus, bestowing upon us a staggering 657 tons of dry matter per hectare.

In the enchanting landscapes of Assam, this aquatic invasive species graces every waterway, from the grandiose expanses of vast lakes to the intimate embrace of village ponds. For an extended epoch, this aquatic plant was relegated to the periphery of our ecological consciousness, dismissed as a mere waste, an inconvenient intruder, or a trivial weed, its potential obscured and unexplored languishing either in the throes of clearance or in the limbo of neglect.

Yet, within the verdant tendrils of the water hyacinth lies an untapped reservoir of ecological promise. Beyond the superficial designation of nuisance, there exists a symphony of possibilities waiting to be unraveled. Such perspectives of ours is recalibrated by AIIDC (Assam Industrial Infrastructure Development Corporation) by setting up a Water Hyacinth (PaniMeteka) Common Facility Service Center (CFSC) at Dolbari, Morigaon District of Assam, to discover in this seemingly prolific aquatic companion not mere as weed but as potential partner in sustainable ecological harmony with inclusive growth perspective. 

The CFSC of Dolbari, Morigaon is first of its kind in the entire country with respect to crafting wealth of array of products from an aggressive invasive species like water hyacinth. In this paradigm of CFSC, an extensive array of amenities stands poised for dissemination, catering not only to the discerning producer but also to the astute buyer. The resolute objective herein is to galvanize the catalytic forces propelling employment augmentation within the realms of non-formal economic activities. The orchestration of this multifaceted interface is being adroitly helmed by the Industries & Commerce Department, Government of Assam.

Fig: Processing of Water Hyacinth to make handicraft (source: ASRLM website)

Why this imperious Call for the Proliferation of Water Hyacinth Artistry? 

Against this question we find ourselves at the confluence of environmental preservation and socio-economic fortitude. The removal of this intruder not only conserve water by prohibiting 2.5 to 3 times more evaporation but also has the potential for transformative change in rural hinterlands beckons. The cultivation of Water Hyacinth Craft lays the groundwork for sustainable livelihoods, a cornerstone for inclusive growth that resonates in the tapestry of rural existence as nature, in her bounty, offers the artisan an abundant palette of hyacinths.

            

This artisanal pursuit, structured in a manner that transcends skill levels, bespeaks a meritocratic ethos. From the hands of the unskilled emerges a delicate piece of dry stem, earning its creator a humble yet dignified remuneration of 15 paisa. The semi-skilled artisan, engaged in the artistry of braid and rope, commands a more substantial compensation ranging from Rs. 2 to 3.5 per meter. For the skilled practitioner, the zenith of craftsmanship unveils itself in finished products of exquisite allure. From the modest coin purse fetching Rs. 40 to the opulent furniture set commanding a princely sum of Rs. 30,000, the spectrum of economic empowerment unfurls with the virtuosity of artisanal skill.

In the hands of consumers, the Water Hyacinth Craft emerges not merely as a commodity but as a conscientious choice. An eco-friendly alternative, it beckons those who seek not just utility but also a resonance with the ethos of environmental responsibility.

Crucially, this endeavor transcends the economic realm, unfurling as a tapestry of empowerment for women in the rural hinterlands. As the looms resonate with the industry of skilled hands, it is the women who find themselves endowed with newfound agency, forging paths to autonomy and self-reliance.

The Assam government, in collaboration with the Assam State Rural Livelihood Mission (ASRLM) and NEDFi, envisions a transformative initiative: harnessing the potential of water hyacinth craft to empower rural women economically. A meticulous strategy, blending formal training and structured programs, is indispensable to propel Water Hyacinth Craft into a sustainable livelihood avenue. Technical training and targeted Capacity Building Programmes tailored to the needs of artisans are imperative for skill enhancement and heightened productivity. 

However, the lifeline of this endeavor lies in establishing a robust market linkage and a resilient supply chain. For this industry to flourish, meticulous efforts towards export-oriented capacity building are pivotal, ensuring not only immediate returns but also a sustainable, long-term livelihood option. In the delicate tapestry of economic empowerment, the weft of water hyacinth craft intertwines with the warp of opportunity, weaving a narrative of progress for the women beneficiaries in rural Assam.

In the grand orchestration of sustainable practices, economic prosperity, and empowerment, the Water Hyacinth Craft stands as a testament to the confluence of environmental sagacity and human resilience. In its humble fibers, we discern not just a craft but a narrative of harmonious coexistence, a tale woven with threads of ecological conscientiousness and rural empowerment.

Navigating the troubled waters: The River Police of Assam

River police.. Yes ! Guardians of the waterways whose paramount duty is to secure the riverine routes of Assam. Since 1971, Assam has witnessed a regular influx of illegal immigration and majority of this is due to the porous riverine borders between Assam and Bangladesh. 

On 24th July 1979, River Police organisation was set up by the then Hon'ble Governor of Assam Lallan Prasad Singh with constituting a separate 'River Police District' comprising areas of Goalpara, Kamrup and Darrang districts. The primary objective orchestrated in this strategic initiative was to proactively counteract unlawful infiltrations while concurrently maintaining a vigilant watch over the formidable expanse of the Brahmaputra. 

The administrative structure of the river police was decided under the rank of a Deputy Inspector General of Police (Border) Assam as Drawing and Disbursing Officer. A post of Superintendent of River Police (SP), Assam was created for overall administration of the river district. As per the information received from a notification of Assam Police as on 04.01.2021; Shri Kamal Kumar Gupta, APS, was the Superintendent of River Police Organisation. The River Police District is consisted of 4 River police stations and 6 River Police Out Posts manned by 9 Sub Inspectors, 104 Constables and 10 Boatmen; as per the sanctioned strength. 

Goalpara (Panchatantra), Sualkuchi, Tezpur and Biswanath Ghat are the 4 River Police Stations of Assam along with 7 other River Police Out Posts in Buraburi (Mahamaya), Chanderdinga, Majeralga, Aye River, Beki River, Nagarbera, Pandu respectively in the districts of Dhubri, Bongaigaon (2 OPs), Barpeta, Kamrup and Kamrup (Metro). 

Their foremost duty? To thwart and unearth the clandestine dance of crime, unfolding like a hidden script on the aquatic stage. They are not only the custodians of law and order in the riverine routes and char areas of Brahmaputra but also with a vigilant eye, pierce through the shadows they forestall the incursion of extremism and the furtive whispers of smuggling of goods (primarily cattle) echoing along the riverine route. As the Brahmaputra's undulating expanse serves as a natural frontier, the River Police stand steadfast against the tide of illegal infiltration, a resolute bulwark against the currents of unauthorized entry. Their gaze extends beyond the rippling waters to the unauthorized boats that dare to traverse these liquid highways.

In this choreography of security, the riverine area stretches 110 kilometers along the India-Bangladesh border, a theater where the River Police execute their nuanced maneuvers. Yet, it's not just the fluid expanse that demands their attention; the terra firma of 137.72 kilometers along the India-Bangladesh border is also under their watchful gaze.

In the tale of Brahmaputra's guardians, the River Police emerge as the protagonists, navigating the currents of crime, maintaining order, and securing the borders with a grace that mirrors the river's own timeless flow. 

But, the organisation now is in a dilapidating state due to the negligence meted out by the successive governments. 

The personnel landscape within the river police organization serves as a vivid portrayal of the true nature of this pivotal branch within the State police force. As per sources, a mere 35 constables, a lone sub-inspector, and a solitary boatman constitute the manpower tasked with overseeing the operations of four river police stations and seven of its outposts. Strikingly, the organization currently lacks any female personnel within its ranks. A scanty fleet of seven steel sal boats stands as the meager arsenal at their disposal, with no speed boats to navigate the vast expanse of the riverine border under their jurisdiction. When the necessity for a speed boat arises, resorting to the engagement of private vessels becomes imperative. Even the recently inaugurated Pandu River Police Out Post finds itself contending with substandard facilities, underscoring the challenges faced by this vital arm of law enforcement.

In the labyrinth of trials that confront us, the fragility of safety and security along our waterways casts a disconcerting shadow. The lamentable condition of the River Police Organisation, marred by inadequacies, decay, and apprehensions about security, underscores the pressing demand for both attention and resources. It is imperative to address these issues promptly, channeling the necessary support to fortify the organization. Only through such measures we can guarantee the robust safeguarding of our citizens and the vital waterway infrastructures. A concerted effort is quintessential for the the critical tasks of preventing and detecting crime in the riverine route and char areas of the Brahmaputra, ensuring a shield against the myriad challenges that flow along its currents.

Theng Fakhri: Assam's First Woman Tehsildar

In the quaint corners of Assam's Goalpara district, the Bongaigaon district (probably Dhubri district too), and the three enchanting Barak Valley districts, the Tehsildari system has persisted through the corridors of time. This august office finds itself inextricably linked with the hallowed precincts of the Revenue Circle Officer's domain. Herein, the mantle of Tehsildar is graciously borne by the esteemed Revenue Circle Officer, assisted by a retinue of two or three diligent subordinates.

In the annals of Assam's bureaucratic history, a remarkable figure emerges, shattering the glass ceiling of convention. Theng Fakhri, an intrepid Bodo lady of unparalleled courage, etches her name as the pioneer among women Tehsildars. The first woman Tehsildar of Assam. History unfolds its pages to reveal that it was the discerning gaze of the British that appointed her to this distinguished role, hailing from Bijni area.

                                       

The indomitable spirit of Theng Fakhri finds its voice in the literary tapestry woven by the venerable Dr. Indira Goswami, a luminary adorned with the Gyanpith Award. Her work, 'Theng Fakri Tehsildaror Tamor Torowal,' (The Bronze Sword of Thengphakri Thesildar) stands as a testament to the extraordinary journey of Theng Fakhri, the trailblazing inaugural Indian Woman Tehsildar. 

The book celebrates the legacy of a brave Bodo lady; when young widows are burnt alive with their husband by force she was collecting taxes galloping on her horse shooting man eating tiger. In the epoch when the purdah system sought to retrogress the advancement of all young ladies, pushing them to the shadows of backwardness, she was silencing all the voices of a misogynist society with her actions and bravery by participating in India's freedom struggle putting on a hat on her knee length black hair.

The bronzed sword of Theng Fakhri not merely muted the cacophony of societal ills, but also aspired to forge a realm where the bedrock principles of society resonate with the values of acceptance and equality.

Globalization: A Blessings or Curse in 21st Century!!!

“Globalization is a complex issue, partly because economic only one part of it. Globalization is greater global closeness and that globalization is cultural, social, political as well as economic.”

                                                                                                       - Amartya Sen

The term “Globalization” has acquired considerable emotive force in 21^st century. It can be simply defined as a diverse phenomenon which relates to a multilateral political world and to the increase of cultural objects and markets between countries. It is a historical process, the result of human innovation and technological progress that refers to the increasing integration of economies worldwide particularly through trade and financial flows. It may be pictured as the threads of an immense spider web formed over millennia, with the number and reach of these threads increasing over time. People, money, material, goods, ideas, money and even disease and devastation have travelled these silken strands in greater numbers with greater speed than ever. Globalization started with Columbus’s voyage to the new world in 1492. Before that people traveled to nearby and faraway places exchanging their ideas, products and customs long away. The Silk Road, an ancient network of trade routes across China, Central Asia and the Mediterranean used between 50 B.C.E and 250 C.E. is perhaps the most well known early example. The web of globalization continued to spin out through the age of revolution, where ideas about liberty, equality and fraternity spread like fire from America to France to Latin America and beyond. It rode the waves of industrialization, colonization and war through the centuries powered by the invention of factories, railways, ships, cars, planes, telegram, telephone, televisions etc. and now extended to a previously unconnected part of the “blue globe”.

According to IMF, four basic aspects of globalization are: 1) Trade and transactions, 2) Capital and investment movements, 3) Migration and movement of people, 4) Dissemination of knowledge. Globalization became familiar during industrial revolution and in the late 90s. The globalization of 20^th century was more about industry driven whereas in 21^st century it is more about technology and data driven. The integration of communication and computing is the technological revolution of our era. By 2014, the world had 96 mobiles and 40 internet users for every 100 inhabitants. The evolutionary transformation of world is increasingly making it interconnected and digital. The unparallel growth in 20^th century and crises in the emerging markets in the 1990s have made it quite evident that the opportunities of globalization don’t come without risks, hence the technology driven globalization of 21^st century is obviously much more dangerous.

The real thrust to the globalization process was provided by the New Economic Policy introduced by the Government of India in July 1991 at the behest of the IMF and the World Bank. Now, the markets and the flow of capitals have been shifted to the world of internet. Since the World Wide Web was first introduced, the world has made an outstanding progress by creating e-commerce in this century. From Amazon to flipkart, from Uber/Ola to Parking Rhino, from Netflix to Book my Show- everything is now digitalised for rapid and smooth interconnection making the world a small “Global Village”. Globalization has provided several advantages like- rise of foreign capital, quality improvement, rise in employment, rise in banking and foreign sector efficiency, accelerate human development, adoption of new flexible technological production method.

Like a snowball rolling down a steep mountain, globalization seems to be gathering more and more momentum and the question frequently asked about globalization is not whether it will continue, but at what pace!! We have to choose between a global market driven only by calculations of short term profit and one which has a human face. The downside to the globalization can be seen in the increased risk for the transmission of disease like corona virus or in the kind of environmental harm that is threatening the whole blue planet. According to several research works it was found that globalization is alarmingly increasing the “income gap” between the rich and the poor and also harming the workers’ interests. It is adversely affecting the small business and local producers. Just for example, local industries of states like Assam such as Bell metal industry of Sarthebari, bras metal industry of Hajo, Cane and bamboo industry, Silk industry of Suwalkuchi are now threaten by the rapid thrust of globalization.

Globalization is the ongoing process that is linking people, neighborhoods, cities, regions and countries much more closely together than they have ever been before. This has resulted in our living being intertwined with people in all parts of the world via the food we eat, the clothing we wear, the music we listen to, the information we get and the ideas we hold. Though a large part of world made a tremendous progress but also a major portion of countries like sub-Saharan Africa has been already left behind. Poverty is not only unacceptable on moral grounds; it also forms the breeding ground for war and terrorism. It is, therefore, the greatest challenge to peace and stability in the 21^st century. Reversing the process of globalization would not solve the problem of poverty- that was amply demonstrated by the events of the 20^th century. The world needs instead a new approach to globalization that exploits its enormous potential for improving human welfare. Ultimately, poor countries and weaker sections should not be poorer due to fruits of globalization are only available to the prosperous countries and the elite sections of the society. As Kofi Annan said, “If globalization is to succeed, it must succeed for poor and rich alike. It delivers rights no less than riches. It must provide social justice and equity; no must less than economic prosperity and enhanced communication.”